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Abstract

Nitrous oxide (N2O) accounts for approximately 5% of the total greenhouse effect. It also plays an important role in the destruction of the stratospheric ozone, which protects the earth from ultraviolet radiation from the sun. The atmospheric concentration of N2O increased from 280– 290 ppbv before industrial revolution to 350 ppbv at present. Soil is considered to be one of the major contributors with 65% of the total global emission. Various soil, climate and management factors control the N2O emission. They include soil moisture regime, temperature, pH, N content of soil, soil organic carbon and presence of crops. Emission of N2O could be reduced using nitrification inhibitors and modifying crop management practices. However, the economic feasibility of using these technologies needs to be evaluated in the farmer’s field.